Carnival Encyclopedia
Explore Carnival terminology, traditions, Krewes, and Auxiliary Groups together in one living museum index.
Topics & Organizations
Search or browse Encyclopedia articles, Krewes, and Auxiliary Groups together in one alphabetical catalog.
610 Stompers
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689 Swampers
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The Alter Ego Steppers
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Amelia Earhawts
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Arthur Hardy
Arthur Hardy is a long time Carnival historian in New Orleans. For many years, he produced a Mardi Gras guide, which included facts about parades, schedules, maps, articles about Carnival, and advertisements which highlight the…
Explore the termAsh Wednesday
The first day of Lent, and the day after Mardi Gras Day.
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Bad Moms That Dance
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Badge
A Carnival Badge is a decorative insignia identifying membership, office, or participation within a Carnival organization.
Explore the termBal
Bal is the French word for a formal dance or ball and appears in many Carnival traditions.
Explore the termBall Favor
A Ball Favor is a commemorative gift presented to attendees of a Carnival ball.
Explore the termBall Favor Box
A Ball Favor Box is the decorative container used to present a Carnival ball favor to attendees.
Explore the termBall Program
A Ball Program is a printed booklet distributed at a Carnival ball listing the evening's schedule, royalty, participants, music, and theme.
Explore the termBalls
Carnival Balls are formal social events hosted by krewes featuring royalty presentations, themed entertainment, dining, and dancing.
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Baton Rouge Beign-Yays
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Beads
Beads are the most recognizable Mardi Gras throw, tossed from floats to spectators during Carnival parades.
Explore the termBeadwork
Beadwork is the painstaking hand-sewn embroidery that decorates Mardi Gras Indian suits, depicting portraits, symbols, and historical scenes.
Explore the termBegging Run
The Begging Run is the portion of a Courir de Mardi Gras during which masked participants travel from house to house requesting ingredients for a communal gumbo.
Explore the termBeignet
A beignet is a square piece of fried dough generously covered with powdered sugar and closely associated with New Orleans cuisine.
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Big Chief
The Big Chief is the principal leader of a Mardi Gras Indian tribe, directing its traditions, public appearances, and artistic vision.
Explore the termBig Queen
The Big Queen is the highest-ranking female leader within a Mardi Gras Indian tribe and plays a major role in creating suits, preserving traditions, and representing the tribe.
Explore the termBionic Babes, Dancers of Hope
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Boeuf Gras
The Boeuf Gras, or 'Fatted Ox,' symbolizes abundance before Lent and serves as an iconic element of the Rex parade.
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Krewe of Bosom Buddies & Breast Friends
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Brass Band
A brass band is a musical ensemble emphasizing brass and percussion instruments, forming one of the defining sounds of New Orleans Carnival.
Explore the termBrass Ensemble
A brass ensemble is a musical group composed primarily of brass instruments that performs during Carnival events, concerts, and parades.
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Café au Lait
Café au lait is a coffee beverage made with equal parts coffee and hot milk, traditionally served with beignets.
Explore the termCaptain’s Gift
A Captain's Gift is a special commemorative item presented by a krewe captain to members, dignitaries, sponsors, or honored guests.
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Carnival
Carnival is the annual season of celebration beginning on Twelfth Night and ending on Mardi Gras Day. Often the term Mardi Gras is improperly interchanged for Carnival.
Explore the termCarnival Club
A Carnival club is an organization formed to celebrate the Carnival season through social activities, charitable events, balls, or parades.
Explore the termCarnival Colors
The official Carnival colors of purple, green, and gold symbolize justice, faith, and power respectively. They were adopted by the Krewe of Rex in 1872 and have since become synonymous with Mardi Gras.
Explore the termCarnival Flags
Flags created by Carnival organizations displaying official colors, emblems, or annual themes.
Explore the termCarnival Memorabilia
Collectible objects associated with Carnival history and traditions.
Explore the termCarnival Theme
The official concept or story selected by a Carnival organization for its annual parade, ball, costumes, and artwork.
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Color Guard
A Color Guard is a performance unit accompanying a marching band using flags, rifles, sabers, and dance to enhance musical presentations.
Explore the termCommemorative Medal
A Commemorative Medal is a specially produced medal honoring a Carnival anniversary, event, organization, or milestone.
Explore the termComus
The Mistick Krewe of Comus, founded in 1857, is the oldest continuously influential New Orleans Carnival krewe and introduced many formal Carnival traditions.
Explore the termCoronation
A Coronation is the formal ceremony in which a Carnival organization's king, queen, and royal court are officially presented to members and invited guests.
Explore the termCoronation Ball
A Coronation Ball is the formal event at which a krewe crowns and presents its king, queen, and royal court.
Explore the termCostume Sketch
A Costume Sketch is an artist's rendering showing the planned appearance of a Carnival costume before construction begins.
Explore the termCostuming in Mardi Gras
Costuming in Mardi Gras encompasses the traditions, techniques, and artistry involved in creating attire for riders, royalty, marching groups, and revelers.
Explore the termCourir
Courir is the French word meaning 'to run' and, in Carnival, refers to the rural Cajun Courir de Mardi Gras celebration.
Explore the termCourir de Mardi Gras
A traditional rural Louisiana Mardi Gras celebration featuring masked riders, music, communal festivities, and the famous chicken chase.
Explore the termCourt Costume
A Court Costume is the formal attire worn by members of a Carnival royal court. Designs reflect the annual theme, royal title, and traditions of the organization.
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Dance Connection
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Dance Krewe
A Carnival organization centered on choreographed performances during parades.
Explore the termDance Team
A Dance Team is an organized group of performers who present choreographed routines during Carnival parades and special events.
Explore the termDecorating Party
This is a get together of members of a Krewe, riders from a particular float, or general riders from various Krewes to decorate their signature throws. These get togethers allow for fellowship, team building, inspiration,…
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Disco Amigos
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Krewe of Dolly
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Doubloon
A doubloon is a coin, typically made of aluminum, thrown during parades. They often are emblazoned on both sides, depicting a Krewe's logo and theme for the year. Doubloons are commonly made with a particular…
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Drum Major
A Drum Major is the ceremonial and musical leader of a marching band who directs performances and leads the band along the parade route.
Explore the termDucal
A Ducal is a decorative medallion, badge, or favor presented to members of a Carnival royal court, often identifying a duke or duchess.
Explore the termDuke
A Duke is a noble member of a Carnival royal court who represents the organization during ceremonies, balls, and parades. Multiple dukes often serve within a single court.
Explore the termFeather Suit
A Feather Suit is the elaborate handcrafted costume worn by a Mardi Gras Indian, featuring thousands of feathers, beads, rhinestones, and sewn artwork.
Explore the termFlag Boy
The Flag Boy carries the tribe's banner and relays signals between the Spy Boy and the Big Chief during processions.
Explore the termFlag Run
The Flag Run is the ceremonial procession in which designated riders or participants carry the event's banner or flag during a Courir de Mardi Gras.
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flambeaux
Flambeaux are people who carry long torches, which light the way for float precessions. Flambeaux often will perform dances while twirling their torches for the crowds, graciously accepting tips along the way. The word derives…
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Float
Floats are decorated trailers or barges decorated in a common theme for a parade. Carnival Floats will often be decorated with papier mache flowers, props, and painted to coordinate with the theme. There are several…
Explore the termFloat Builder
A Float Builder is a company or artisan responsible for designing, constructing, maintaining, and restoring Carnival parade floats.
Explore the termFloat Construction
Float Construction is the design, engineering, fabrication, and decoration process used to build Carnival parade floats.
Explore the termFloat Den
A Float Den is the workshop or warehouse where Carnival floats are built, repaired, decorated, and stored.
Explore the termFloat Lieutenant
A Float Lieutenant supervises a specific parade float, ensuring riders follow safety rules, throws are distributed responsibly, and the float operates smoothly throughout the parade.
Explore the termFloat Lineup
A float lineup is the planned sequence of floats, marching units, bands, and specialty groups within a parade. The term is also interchangably used for the beginning area for the parade where the parade is…
Explore the termFloat Loading
The process of boarding riders, supplies, and throws onto parade floats before a parade begins.
Explore the termGlass Beads
Glass Beads are traditional Mardi Gras bead necklaces made from glass rather than plastic.
Explore the termGrand March
The Grand March is the formal procession of royalty, officers, and honored guests during a Carnival ball.
Explore the termGreen & Yellow Motorcycle Unit
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Gumbo
Gumbo is Louisiana's iconic stew combining seafood or meat with vegetables, stock, and a thickening agent such as roux, okra, or filé.
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Intergalactic Krewe of Chewbacchus
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Invitation
A Carnival invitation is a formal printed or digital announcement admitting guests to a krewe ball, coronation, luncheon, or other official event.
Explore the termInvitation Ball
An Invitation Ball is a private Carnival ball attended only by invited guests, members, and their escorts.
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Jambalaya
Jambalaya is a Louisiana rice dish combining meat, seafood, vegetables, and spices, frequently served during Carnival gatherings.
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The Jamettes
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Jazz Funeral
A Jazz Funeral is a New Orleans funeral procession that combines solemn music with celebratory brass band performances after burial.
Explore the termKing
The King is the principal male monarch of a Carnival organization, serving as its ceremonial ruler during a Carnival season and often representing the krewe at public events, parades, and formal balls.
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King Cake
King Cake, also known as a three kings cake or a baby cake, is a cake associated in many countries with the Epiphany, the celebration of the Twelfth Night after Christmas. Traditionally made with brioche dough, and covered in purple, green and gold sugar and icing.…
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Kings Day
Kings Day, also referred to as the Epiphany, or 12th Night is the first day or the Carnival season. Traditionally, this is the first day which king cake bakeries sell their king cakes. Several Krewes…
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Krewe
A krewe (/kruː/ KROO) is a social organization that stages parades and balls for the Carnival season. The term is best known for its association with Mardi Gras celebrations in New Orleans, but is also used in other Carnival celebrations throughout Louisiana (e.g., in Lafayette, Shreveport, and Baton Rouge) and along the Gulf of Mexico,…
Explore the termKrewe Captain
The Krewe Captain is the chief executive officer and operational leader of a Carnival organization, responsible for overseeing its administration, membership, and parade or ball activities.
Explore the termKrewe Co-Captain
A Krewe Co-Captain assists the Captain in managing the organization's operations and frequently assumes leadership responsibilities when delegated.
Explore the termKrewe Royalty
Krewe Royalty collectively refers to the ceremonial monarchs and members of a Carnival organization's royal court, including the king, queen, princes, princesses, dukes, maids, pages, and other titled participants.
Explore the termLaissez les bons temps rouler
A French expression meaning 'Let the good times roll,' widely associated with Louisiana celebrations and Carnival.
Explore the termLapel Pin
A Lapel Pin is a small decorative pin worn on clothing to signify membership, participation, or support for a Carnival organization.
Explore the termLight-Up Throw
A Light-Up Throw is an illuminated Carnival souvenir incorporating LEDs or battery-powered lighting.
Explore the termLouisiana French Terms
French words and expressions that have become part of Louisiana Carnival culture.
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Maid
A Maid is a female member of a Carnival royal court who traditionally serves as an attendant to the queen and participates in formal presentations, balls, and parades.
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Mande Milkshakers
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Marching Band
A marching band is an organized musical ensemble that performs while marching in Carnival parades, combining music with precision movement.
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A walking Carnival organization whose members parade together in coordinated costumes and choreography.
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Mardi Gras
Mardi Gras, or "Fat Tuesday," is the final day of Carnival before Lent. Parades including Rex, Zulu, and Argus roll on that day. The day of parades culminate in truck float parades. Carnival officially ends…
Explore the termMardi Gras Costume Design
Mardi Gras Costume Design is the creative process of planning, illustrating, and constructing Carnival costumes that reflect a krewe's annual theme and traditions.
Explore the termMardi Gras Cups
Mardi Gras Cups are reusable plastic drinking cups decorated with krewe logos, themes, or artwork and distributed as popular parade throws.
Explore the termMardi Gras History
The historical development of Carnival traditions in Louisiana from colonial times to the present.
Explore the termMardi Gras Indians
Mardi Gras Indians are African American cultural organizations whose members create elaborate hand-sewn suits and parade on Mardi Gras Day and other traditional occasions, preserving a unique New Orleans tradition.
Explore the termMardi Gras Memorabilia
Artifacts specifically associated with Mardi Gras celebrations.
Explore the termMardi Gras Music
Mardi Gras Music encompasses the diverse musical traditions that accompany Carnival celebrations, including brass bands, marching bands, jazz, funk, rhythm and blues, and parade anthems.
Explore the termMardi Gras Place
A business or gathering spot where like minded Carnival Enthusiasts can come together to discuss Carnival, parades, throws, throw decorating tips, costume making, and get to meet fellow enthusiasts.
Explore the termMasked Ball
A Masked Ball is a formal Carnival celebration where guests traditionally wear masks, costumes, or formal attire in keeping with Carnival customs.
Explore the termMasked Rider
A Masked Rider is a costumed participant in a Courir de Mardi Gras who travels on horseback wearing traditional attire and a wire-mesh mask.
Explore the termMasque
Masque is the French word for mask and also refers to masked festivities associated with Carnival.
Explore the termMedallion Beads
Medallion Beads are bead necklaces featuring a decorative medallion displaying a krewe emblem, logo, or annual theme.
Explore the termMistick Krewe
A historic term associated with early New Orleans Carnival organizations, most notably the Mistick Krewe of Comus.
Explore the termMomus
The Krewe of Momus was founded in 1872 and became known for satirical Carnival themes and parades.
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Moon Pie
A MoonPie is an iconic American snack food created on April 29, 1917, by the Chattanooga Bakery in Tennessee. It features two round graham cracker cookies with a fluffy marshmallow filling in the center, dipped…
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Muff-a-Lottas
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Muffulettas
The muffuletta is a large round sandwich of Sicilian origin featuring Italian meats, cheeses, and olive salad on sesame bread.
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Nautical Gals
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Neighborhood Krewe
A neighborhood krewe is a Carnival organization that primarily serves a specific community, subdivision, town, or parish while celebrating local traditions.
Explore the termneutral ground side
Refers to the side of the parade that you catch on. Neutral Ground side typically refers to being on the median side of the parade. In Orleans Parish parades, this is typically the drivers side.…
Explore the termNew Orleans Marching Bands
New Orleans marching bands are musical ensembles that accompany Carnival parades, providing live performances ranging from traditional marches to jazz, funk, and contemporary music.
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NOLA Bombshells
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NOLA Showgirls
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Non-Parading Krewe
A non-parading krewe is a Carnival organization that celebrates the season without sponsoring a public parade. These organizations often focus on balls, tableaux, charitable work, or member activities.
Explore the termPage
A Page is a ceremonial attendant assigned to assist a king, queen, or other member of a Carnival royal court during balls, coronations, and parades.
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Parade
A procession of a Krewe's members to celebrate the Krewe's past year. Often, its members are riding on floats, but there are many Krewes which host walking parades. Typically in the Carnival season, paraders will…
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Parade Bulletin
Illustrations of a Krewe's parade floats published in the newspaper, typically the morning of the parade.
Explore the termParade Marshal
A Parade Marshal oversees the safe movement and orderly progression of a parade. Parade Marshals will frequently be seen riding in cars throughout a parade to help communicate problems with floats or tactors along the…
Explore the termParade Permit
A parade permit is the official authorization issued by a municipality allowing a parade to take place on public streets.
Explore the termParade Poster
A Parade Poster is a commemorative poster promoting or celebrating a Carnival parade or krewe.
Explore the termParade Route
A parade route is the officially approved path that a Carnival parade follows through a city or community. Routes are carefully planned to maximize public access while ensuring participant and spectator safety.
Explore the termParading Krewe
A parading krewe is a Carnival organization that participates in one or more public parades during the Carnival season, typically with floats, marching units, royalty, and themed presentations.
Explore the termPearl Beads
Pearl Beads are imitation pearl necklaces distributed as Carnival throws, valued for their elegant appearance.
Explore the termPin
A Carnival Pin is a decorative collectible pin issued by a Carnival organization to commemorate a season, event, or anniversary.
Explore the termPo-boys
A po-boy is a Louisiana sandwich served on French bread and filled with fried seafood, roast beef, or other ingredients.
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Popeyes Chicken
Popeyes fried chicken has become an informal parade-day tradition for many spectators in the New Orleans area because it is portable, shareable, and wide availablity along parade routes. Popeye's Chicken originated in the New Orleans…
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Proteus
Founded in 1882, the Krewe of Proteus is one of New Orleans' old-line Carnival organizations, named for the Greek sea god.
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The Pussyfooters
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Queen
The Queen is the principal female monarch of a Carnival organization and serves as one of its highest ceremonial representatives during the Carnival season.
Explore the termQueen of Carnival
Queen of Carnival is an honorary title used by the Krewe of Rex for the highest-ranking female royal representative during a Carnival season.
Explore the termReine
Reine is the French word for 'Queen' and is used in Louisiana Carnival traditions.
Explore the termReviewing Stand
A reviewing stand is a raised platform where invited guests, officials, sponsors, judges, and media observe a parade.
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Rex
Rex is both the name of the historic Krewe of Rex and the title 'King of Carnival.' Founded in 1872, the organization established many traditions that define modern New Orleans Carnival, including the official Carnival…
Explore the termRex Proclamation
The annual proclamation issued by Rex symbolically opening the Carnival season and declaring the King of Carnival's reign.
Explore the termRoi
Roi is the French word for 'King' and appears in many Carnival names, traditions, and ceremonies.
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Krewe of Rolling Elvi
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Route Marshal
An official responsible for monitoring parade progress and ensuring floats maintain proper spacing along the route.
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Royal Court
A Royal Court consists of the ceremonial monarchs and nobles who represent a Carnival organization during its annual celebrations. Courts commonly include a king, queen, dukes, maids, princes, princesses, pages, and other titled members.
Explore the termSecond Line
A Second Line is a uniquely New Orleans parade tradition in which community members follow a brass band in celebration, dancing behind the official procession.
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Sidewalk side
refers to the side of the parade that you are watching or riding on. You will be standing on the same side as the sidewalks. In Orleans Parish parades, this typically means you will be…
Explore the termSignature Float
Signature floats are special floats that are seen in a Krewe's parade each year. Several Krewes have multiple signature floats, like the Krewe of Bacchus which has more than 10 signature floats, or the Krewe…
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signature throw
A signature throw is typicqally a hand decorated throw created by the riders of a particular krewe or group. It will often be decorated using paint, glitter, ribbons, gemstones, and small appliques. Their riders are…
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Slidell Synch
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Social Aid & Pleasure Club
A community organization devoted to fellowship, charitable work, and preserving African American cultural traditions, particularly second-line parades.
Explore the termSpy Boy
The Spy Boy scouts ahead of the tribe, watching for approaching tribes and communicating observations back to the Big Chief.
Explore the termSt Bernard Irish Italian Islenos Parade
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St. Joseph’s Night
St. Joseph's Night is celebrated on March 19 and is one of the most important annual appearances for Mardi Gras Indian tribes, who gather to parade, meet, and display their newly created suits.
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Streetcar Strutters
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Suiting Up
Suiting Up refers to the annual process of putting on a newly completed Mardi Gras Indian suit before appearing in public.
Explore the termSuper Krewe
A very large Carnival organization known for spectacular parades, elaborate floats, and memberships numbering in the thousands.
Explore the termSuper Sunday
Super Sunday is an annual celebration during which numerous Mardi Gras Indian tribes gather to parade and display their elaborate suits before the public.
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Tableau
A tableau is a staged theatrical scene or 'living picture' forming part of a Carnival ball's entertainment and annual theme presentation.
Explore the termTableau Ball
A Tableau Ball is a formal Carnival ball featuring theatrical scenes, elaborate costumes, and the presentation of the royal court around a central annual theme.
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Tandem Float
Tandem floats are multiple floats trained together with a common theme. Some tandem floats are only 2 floats together, while some are several floats trained together. Popular examples of tandem floats include Smoky Mary in…
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Throw Dat!
A popular Mardi Gras Place located in Westwego, LA, which sells throws, crafting products, hosts decorating parties for local Krewes and riders, decorating classes, and more. You can learn more about Throw Dat! at their…
Explore the termThrows
Throws are souvenirs, trinkets, and novelty items tossed or handed to spectators by parade participants during Carnival celebrations.
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Truck Float Organization
A Carnival organization that primarily parades using decorated truck-mounted floats.
Explore the termTruck Parade
A parade composed primarily of decorated tractor-trailers, flatbed trucks, or tandem truck floats rather than traditional custom-built floats.
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Walking Krewe
A Carnival krewe whose members participate on foot rather than riding floats.
Explore the termWalking Parade
A walking parade consists primarily of participants traveling on foot rather than riding on floats.
Explore the termWild Man
The Wild Man protects the tribe and traditionally walks near the front, symbolically clearing the path and safeguarding the Big Chief.
Explore the termWooden Nickel
A Wooden Nickel is a souvenir token, traditionally made of wood, distributed by some Carnival organizations as a commemorative throw or promotional item.
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Zulu
The Zulu Social Aid & Pleasure Club is one of New Orleans' most celebrated Carnival organizations, famous for decorated coconuts and African-inspired pageantry.
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